Pancreatitis is a serious disease of the pancreas characterized by a disorder in the production of digestive enzymes. The main symptoms of the disease are pain in the left or right hypochondrium after eating, heartburn, nausea, vomiting and stomach discomfort.
The key to treating pancreatitis is strict adherence to dietary guidelines. After all, the development of the disease often occurs due to improper lifestyle, consumption of alcohol and large amounts of "junk" food.
Diet for pancreatitis helps patients reduce pain during exacerbation of the disease and increase the remission phase. In acute and chronic pancreatitis, food is different, but it still has some similarities. Let’s talk about them.
General Nutrition Guidelines for Pancreatitis
The main requirement of the diet is to increase the amount of protein consumed and to reduce the fat and carbohydrates in the main diet (if possible, they should be excluded altogether). You should especially avoid consuming granulated sugar as it is 99% carbohydrate.
Fatty foods with coarse fiber should disappear completely from the lives of people with pancreatitis. After all, they strengthen the pancreas, as a result of which the body begins to produce a very large number of digestive enzymes, which is dangerous for this disease and causes serious complications.Doctors recommend that all patients with pancreatitis take vitamin complexes, which will help fill the deficiency of vitamins and minerals in the body, which often occurs as a result of limited nutrition.
Meals must be scheduled at the same time.
Eat 5-6 times a day in small portions to avoid unnecessary stress on the pancreas and overeating.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
Acute pancreatitis usually presents with a sudden sharp pain in the stomach cavity. The pain is unbearable, so the person is forced to call an ambulance. The diet for acute pancreatitis is "zero" until the doctor arrives. Under no circumstances should you eat food. Neither "light" nor "heavy".
It is allowed to take carbonated mineral water before the doctor, but not more than 3 glasses. It is not allowed to drink them only if the urination process takes place normally.
Acute pancreatitis is treated only in a hospital setting. Fasting is prescribed for the first two days. Only now is it allowed to drink rose broth with mineral water. The total amount of fluid consumed should not exceed 5 glasses per day.
On the third day of treatment, the patient is allowed to eat fresh, low-calorie foods that do not contain substances that irritate the pancreas and enhance the secretion produced.
After the reduction of the main symptoms, the pancreatitis pancreatitis diet lasts from one to two months. During this period, you should completely give up:
- fried and fatty foods;
- muffins and cakes;
- pickles and smoked foods;
- pickles and canned food;
- spicy and sweet;
- onion and garlic;
- Alcoholic beverages;
- fatty meats and fish;
- Sausages.
All food should be heat treated. They should be boiled or boiled in water. Do not use oil, salt or spices during cooking.
The patient is allowed to eat food only in warm and grated form. Before going to bed it is recommended to use laxative fermented dairy products - kefir, fermented baked milk.
Duration of the diet from 6 to 12 months. His health in the future depends on how a person protects him. If all nutrition recommendations are ignored, the disease can take a chronic form and then the patient will have to be treated for life.
Diet Diet in chronic pancreatitis
The diet for chronic pancreatitis is slightly different from the diet above. In this case, the patient's diet is significantly expanded, but only in the remission phase. During the aggravation, the diet has a completely different character, but about that a little later.
In chronic pancreatitis, the consumption of proteins is allowed, which should practically exceed the daily intake of a person, as well as the use of carbohydrates (sugar, honey, baked goods, baked goods, etc. ).
Foods that irritate the pancreas (hot spices, large amounts of salt, alcohol, etc. ) are a limitation.
Patient feeding should also be fractional. Number of feedings 4 to 6 times. The food eaten should be warm. You do not need to grind it before eating.
Meat and fish products should not contain a lot of fat, otherwise it can lead to liver degeneration, which quite often occurs in chronic pancreatitis. Cottage cheese contains a lot of useful substances, so it should simply be present in the patient's diet. However, you can only eat homemade cottage cheese, but not too greasy. It is forbidden to take cottage cheese in the store.
If a person cannot refuse bread, they are advised to eat either yesterday's pastry or crackers (from gray or black bread only). You can also eat baked goods and confectionery, but in limited quantities (not more than one serving per day).
In case of pancreatitis, it is not advisable to drink it clean, because it is poorly digested. It can be added to tea or made into cereals and soups. Even if the patient tolerates milk well, you should not drink large amounts. The maximum dose is 200 ml.
Fermented dairy products are very beneficial for people with chronic pancreatitis. Even cheese, which is on the list of forbidden foods in other stages of the disease, can be consumed during remission, but not in large quantities, and in case you feel well. The cheese should not be too salty or greasy.
You can not eat whole eggs. Only egg white can be in a patient’s diet. It can be used to steam omelets or add them to soups.
The patient's diet should not contain too much fat (not more than 70 g per day). Moreover, most of them should consist of vegetable fats. They are better absorbed and do not aggravate the pancreas.
Diet for exacerbations of chronic pancreatitis
The diet for pancreatitis during exacerbation is the same as for the acute form of the disease. The patient is prescribed fasting, and in case of onset of positive dynamics he is allowed to eat small amounts of fresh and low-fat foods.
If no deterioration in health is observed, the patient's menu is gradually expanded. After 2-3 months, a person can eat just like in the remission phase.
Remember that this is just a rough diet for pancreatitis. A complete list of permitted and prohibited products should be checked with your doctor. Only he can compile the right diet, taking into account your state of health.